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Temporal changes in personal activity intelligence and mortality: Data from the aerobics center longitudinal study.

Javaid Nauman1, Ross Arena2, Nina Zisko3

  • 1Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
|December 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Maintaining a high Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) score or increasing it over time significantly reduces cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality risk. This highlights PAI as a valuable metric for long-term health and longevity.

Keywords:
Activity metricCardiovascular diseaseExerciseMortalityPhysical activity

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) is a metric designed to simplify physical activity recommendations.
  • Previous studies in Norwegians indicated that a PAI score ≥100 weekly, along with increases and sustained high levels, delays cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality.
  • The association between long-term PAI changes and mortality in other populations remained uninvestigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between temporal changes in PAI and mortality in a large US population.
  • To determine if PAI score changes over time correlate with reduced risk of CVD and all-cause mortality.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 17,613 relatively healthy US adults with at least two medical examinations between 1974-2002 was analyzed.
  • Weekly PAI scores were estimated twice, and Cox proportional hazard regression was used to assess mortality risks related to PAI changes.
  • Adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for CVD and all-cause mortality.

Main Results:

  • Over a median follow-up of 9.3 years, 1144 deaths (400 CVD) occurred. An inverse linear association was found between PAI change and CVD mortality risk.
  • Maintaining high PAI (≥100) at both examinations was linked to a 51% reduced CVD mortality risk and 42% reduced all-cause mortality risk.
  • Increasing PAI from zero to ≥100 was associated with a 25% reduced CVD mortality risk and 18% reduced all-cause mortality risk, with significant years of life gained.

Conclusions:

  • In a relatively healthy US population, increasing or maintaining a high PAI score over time is associated with reduced risks of CVD and all-cause mortality.
  • Clinicians can recommend a PAI of at least 100 for optimal protection, but benefits are also observed at lower-to-moderate sustained PAI levels.