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Related Experiment Videos

Thyrotropin-induced hyperthyroidism: evidence for a common progenitor stem cell.

J N Clore1, A R Sharpe, K S Sahni

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond.

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

This study identifies a rare pituitary adenoma co-secreting thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin. The tumor cells showed characteristics of thyrotrophs but also features suggesting a common progenitor cell origin.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Pituitary adenomas can present with complex hormonal imbalances.
  • Co-secretion of multiple pituitary hormones is uncommon and poses diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with hyperthyroidism, elevated TSH, alpha-subunit, and prolactin levels, alongside amenorrhea.
  • Immunohistochemistry revealed a pituitary adenoma positive for TSH, alpha-subunit, and growth hormone.

Findings:

  • The adenoma cells exhibited thyrotroph features but also contained fibrous bodies, suggesting a common progenitor cell origin.
  • In vitro studies showed the tumor cells released TSH, alpha-subunit, and prolactin.
  • Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) did not stimulate TSH release but increased prolactin. Triiodothyronine did not inhibit TSH or prolactin release.

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Implications:

  • This case highlights the potential for mixed pituitary adenomas originating from a common progenitor cell.
  • Understanding the cellular origin of such tumors is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment strategies.
  • The aberrant hormone secretion patterns provide insights into pituitary tumor development and regulation.