[Influence of dietary pattern on human immunity]

Area of Science:

• Nutrition Science
• Immunology
• Public Health

Background:

• Dietary patterns play a crucial role in modulating human immune function and overall health.
• Understanding the relationship between diet and immunity is vital for preventing and managing chronic inflammatory diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the scientific literature on the association between various dietary patterns and human immunity and health.
• To synthesize findings on how different dietary patterns influence inflammatory markers and disease risk.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was conducted in major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Wanfang, CNKI) using relevant keywords.
• Included studies comprised cross-sectional, intervention, cohort, and nested case-control designs.
• Dietary patterns were evaluated using indices such as the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and Healthy Eating Index.

Main Results:

• Mediterranean and healthy dietary patterns, rich in fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins, were associated with reduced inflammatory markers (e.g., CRP, IL-6) and lower chronic disease risk.
• Western dietary patterns showed a positive correlation with inflammatory factors and increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
• A dose-response relationship was observed, where healthier dietary choices correlated with lower levels of pro-inflammatory factors.

Conclusions:

• Dietary patterns are intrinsically linked to human immune function.
• The inflammatory potential of different diets varies, directly and indirectly influencing immune responses and health outcomes.
• Adopting healthier dietary patterns is a key strategy for enhancing immunity and mitigating chronic disease development.