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Related Concept Videos

Conservation of Energy00:54

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The terms 'conserved quantity' and 'conservation law' have specific scientific meanings in physics, which differ from the meanings associated with their everyday use. For example, in everyday usage, water could be conserved by not using it, by using less of it, or by re-using it. However, in scientific terms, a conserved quantity of a system stays constant, changes by a definite amount that is transferred to other systems, and is converted into other forms of that...
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Conservation of Momentum: Introduction01:16

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The total momentum of a system consisting of N interacting objects is constant in time or is conserved. A system must meet two requirements for its momentum to be conserved:
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Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If...
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The Uncertainty Principle04:08

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Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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Conservation of Energy: Application01:12

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When solving problems using the energy conservation law, the object (system) to be studied should first be identified. Often, in applications of energy conservation, we study more than one body at the same time. Second, identify all forces acting on the object and determine whether each force doing work is conservative. If a non-conservative force (e.g., friction) is doing work, then mechanical energy is not conserved. The system must then be analyzed with non-conservative work. Third, for...
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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
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Published on: June 8, 2018

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On conservation laws in quantum mechanics.

Yakir Aharonov1,2,3, Sandu Popescu4, Daniel Rohrlich5

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; yakir@post.tau.ac.il S.Popescu@bristol.ac.uk.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|December 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We question the standard definition of conservation laws in quantum mechanics. Our work suggests these laws need to be revisited and extended to capture essential natural features.

Keywords:
conservation lawsfundamental aspects of quantum mechanicsquantum mechanics

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Theoretical physics

Background:

  • Conservation laws are fundamental in physics.
  • Standard definitions are widely accepted but may be incomplete.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically examine the meaning of conservation laws in quantum mechanics.
  • To propose an extension to the standard definition of conservation laws.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of quantum mechanical formalisms.
  • Exploration of implications for understanding physical phenomena.

Main Results:

  • The standard definition of conservation laws in quantum mechanics misses essential natural features.
  • A revised and extended definition is necessary.

Conclusions:

  • The current understanding of conservation laws in quantum mechanics requires reevaluation.
  • Extending these laws is crucial for a more complete description of nature.