Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 24, 2025

Cultivation Methods of Spirochetes from Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Complex and Relapsing Fever Borrelia
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Cultivation Methods of Spirochetes from Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Complex and Relapsing Fever Borrelia

Published on: November 25, 2022

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Pathogenesis of Relapsing Fever

Job Lopez1, Joppe W Hovius2, Sven Bergström3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Section of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston TX, USA.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|December 29, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Relapsing fever (RF) is caused by Borrelia bacteria, transmitted by ticks or lice. This review covers RF Borrelia transmission, taxonomy, pathogenesis, and immune evasion strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Relapsing fever (RF) is a group of diseases caused by Borrelia species.
  • Transmission occurs via soft ticks, body lice (Borrelia recurrentis), or hard ticks (Borrelia miyamotoi).
  • RF Borrelia possess pathogenic features enabling host invasion and dissemination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the dynamics of vector acquisition and transmission of RF Borrelia.
  • To review taxonomic challenges and emerging species of RF Borrelia.
  • To explore pathogenesis, including symptomology, neurotropism, adhesion, and immune evasion.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on RF Borrelia.
  • Analysis of transmission dynamics and vector-host interactions.
  • Discussion of pathogenic mechanisms and immune evasion strategies.

Main Results:

  • RF Borrelia exhibit diverse transmission routes and vectors.
  • Taxonomic classification faces challenges due to newly isolated species globally.
  • Pathogenesis involves multiphasic antigenic variation for immune evasion.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding RF Borrelia transmission and pathogenesis is crucial for disease control.
  • Ongoing research into new species and evasion strategies is vital.
  • Future directions focus on managing this global infectious disease.

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