Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 24, 2025
Induction of Leptomeningeal Cells Modification Via Intracisternal Injection
Published on: May 7, 2020
A case of fulminant pneumococcus meningoencephalitis progressing with white matter involvement despite two doses of
Ebru Azapağası1, Tanıl Kendirli1, Gökçen Öz Tuncer2
1Departments of Pediatric Intensive Care, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Insights
A 6-month-old infant developed severe Streptococcus pneumoniae meningoencephalitis despite receiving two doses of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV). This case highlights a rare instance of invasive pneumococcal disease progression post-vaccination, leading to significant brain injury.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Neurology
Background:
- Streptococcus pneumoniae causes significant mortality and morbidity, particularly in young children.
- Successful vaccination programs have reduced invasive pneumococcal infections.
- This case presents an exception to the general trend of reduced infection rates.
Background:
Streptococcus pneumonia is a cause of serious mortality and morbidity, especially among small children. However, currently, it causes lower rates of invasive infections due to successful vaccination programs Case. We report an exceptional case of a 6-month-old child with meningoencephalitis caused by Streptococcus pneumonia despite the administration of two doses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV). Meningitis progressed rapidly and led to widespread damage in parenchymal brain tissue with the emergence of fulminant meningoencephalitis. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed widespread brain lesions, suggesting extensive parenchymal injury.
Conclusion:
Such diffuse white matter lesions among pediatric patients with Streptococcus pneumonia meningoencephalitis despite two doses of PCV have not been reported previously.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Cranial and Spinal Meninges
Cranial Meninges
These meningeal layers cover the cranium. The dura mater is the outermost layer of cranial meninges. It is a thick and durable membrane of dense...
01:29Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology
01:28Pneumonia IV: Management
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
01:30Acute Pharyngitis
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
01:25Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis