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Correlating Behavioral Responses to fMRI Signals from Human Prefrontal Cortex: Examining Cognitive Processes Using Task Analysis

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Published on: June 20, 2012

Performance Differences Between Native and Non-Native Speakers on a New Happy-Sad Executive Function Measure.

Boji P W Lam¹, Zenzi M Griffin², Thomas P Marquardt³

¹Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, The University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA.

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology : the Official Journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists

|December 29, 2020

Summary

The happy-sad task, a new executive function measure, showed native English speakers performed slower on incongruent trials compared to non-native speakers. Language of administration impacts inhibitory control assessment.

Keywords:

Assessment Emotion Executive function Non-native language context

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience
Linguistics

Background:

The happy-sad task, an adaptation of the day-night task, assesses inhibitory control using emotional concepts.
This task shows higher inhibitory demands for native speakers but its performance based on language of administration is unexamined.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of language of test administration on performance in the happy-sad task.
To compare inhibitory control between native and non-native English speakers using the happy-sad task.

Main Methods:

Seventy native and 50 non-native English speakers completed computerized day-night and happy-sad tasks in English.
Participants categorized stimuli congruently or incongruently; English proficiency was assessed via lexical decision tasks.

Main Results:

Native speakers were slower in the incongruent condition of the happy-sad task, indicating a greater congruency effect.
Lexical decision performance correlated with performance on challenging incongruent conditions, suggesting language proficiency influences inhibitory control.

Conclusions:

The happy-sad task is a valuable measure for evaluating inhibitory control in native English speakers.
Language of administration is a critical factor influencing performance differences between native and non-native speakers in executive function assessments.