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Effect of Sex on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Coronavirus Disease: A Population-Based Study

Kyu Hyang Cho1, Sang Won Kim2, Jong Won Park1

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 705-717, Korea.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 30, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Female patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) experienced better clinical outcomes and survival rates compared to males. This sex-based difference in COVID-19 outcomes was particularly pronounced in older adult populations.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has presented unique challenges in understanding disease progression and patient outcomes.
  • Investigating demographic factors, such as sex, is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of COVID-19's impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between patient sex and clinical outcomes in a large cohort diagnosed with COVID-19.
  • To identify potential sex-based disparities in COVID-19 severity and mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of a population-based dataset utilizing insurance claims data from Korea.
  • Inclusion of patients who tested positive for COVID-19, with diseases defined by the International Classification of Diseases 10th revision.
  • Assessment of clinical outcomes including mortality, hospitalization, and specific critical events using electrical codes.

Main Results:

  • A total of 7327 patients were analyzed: 40.5% male and 59.5% female.
  • Men exhibited higher incidence rates of mortality and adverse clinical outcomes compared to women.
  • Women demonstrated more favorable survival and clinical outcomes, especially in older age groups (50-64 and ≥65 years) and those with diabetes or hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • Female patients with COVID-19 generally experienced more favorable clinical outcomes.
  • The influence of sex on COVID-19 outcomes was more pronounced in elderly individuals (aged 50-64 or ≥65 years).
Abstract

Keywords:
clinical outcomecoronavirus diseasemortalitysex

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