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Fibre Intake Is Associated with Cardiovascular Health in European Children.

Susana Larrosa1, Veronica Luque1,2, Veit Grote3

  • 1Paediatrics, Nutrition and Development Research Unit, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, 43204 Reus, Spain.

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Summary

Early childhood dietary fiber intake, especially from fruits and vegetables, is linked to better cardiovascular health markers. Higher fiber consumption in children is associated with improved insulin resistance and a lower cardiometabolic risk score.

Keywords:
cardiovascular riskchildrendietary fibrefibre food sourcesinsoluble fibreresistant starchsoluble fibre

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Dietary Fiber Research

Background:

  • Childhood diet significantly influences long-term health.
  • Understanding the link between dietary fiber and cardiovascular markers in children is crucial for preventive strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the association between childhood dietary fiber intake and cardiovascular health markers.
  • To investigate the impact of different fiber sources on cardiometabolic risk in children.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal observational study analyzing 3-day dietary records from ages 3 to 8 years in 400 children.
  • Cardiovascular health markers including waist circumference, blood pressure, and biochemical analyses were assessed at age 8.
  • A cardiometabolic risk score was calculated using z-scores of measured parameters.

Main Results:

  • Children with consistently low fiber intake showed higher homeostasis model for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and cardiometabolic risk scores.
  • Higher intake of soluble fiber from fruits and vegetables at age 8 correlated with lower HOMA-IR and cardiometabolic risk scores.
  • Specific fiber sources showed differential associations: potato fiber linked to higher SBP, while nut and pulse fiber linked to lower SBP.

Conclusions:

  • A childhood diet abundant in fiber from fruits, vegetables, pulses, and nuts promotes a healthier cardiovascular profile.
  • These benefits are observed independently of the child's body weight.
  • Early dietary interventions focusing on fiber-rich foods can support cardiovascular health in children.