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Alexithymia in Alzheimer's Disease.

Eva Mª Arroyo-Anlló1, Corinne Souchaud2, Pierre Ingrand3

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Summary

This study found no significant overall difference in alexithymia between mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and healthy controls, contrary to previous research. However, AD patients showed more difficulty describing feelings and expressing imagination.

Keywords:
Alzheimerawarenessdementiadepressionemotionlanguageneurodegenerative diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Alexithymia, the inability to identify and express emotions, is linked to cognitive deficits.
  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves cognitive and emotional disturbances, yet alexithymia in AD is understudied.
  • Previous studies suggest higher alexithymia scores in AD patients compared to healthy individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and extent of alexithymia in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • To compare alexithymia features between mild AD patients and a healthy control group.
  • To explore correlations between alexithymia, cognitive function, and mood in mild AD.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 54 participants (27 mild AD, 27 controls) using the Shalling Sifneos Psychosomatic Scale (SSPS-R) and neuropsychological tests.
  • Employed non-parametric statistical analyses, including Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests.
  • Conducted post hoc analyses using Fisher's test for individual SSPS-R items.

Main Results:

  • No significant overall difference in alexithymia scores (SSPS-R) was found between mild AD and control groups.
  • A significant correlation was observed between SSPS-R scores and mood state in both groups.
  • Post hoc analysis revealed AD patients reported more difficulty finding words for feelings, imagination, and externally oriented thinking.

Conclusions:

  • The study did not confirm the hypothesis of higher alexithymia in mild AD patients, contradicting some prior findings.
  • While overall scores were similar, specific alexithymic traits related to emotional expression and cognition were more pronounced in the AD group.
  • Findings suggest a nuanced relationship between alexithymia and mild AD, particularly concerning emotional processing and cognitive-affective interplay.