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Risk Factors for Child Death During an Intimate Partner Homicide: A Case-Control Study.

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Children present during intimate partner homicides (IPH) face risks. Factors like perpetrator suicide history and job stress increase child fatality odds, while separation decreases them, aiding prevention efforts.

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Area of Science:

  • Criminology
  • Public Health
  • Child Welfare

Background:

  • Corollary victims, often children, constitute about 20% of intimate partner homicides (IPH).
  • Understanding risk factors for child fatalities in IPH is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and analyze risk factors associated with child death during intimate partner homicides.
  • To compare incidents with child fatalities to those where children were present but unharmed.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) data from 2003-2017.
  • Conducted a case-control study comparing IPH incidents with child fatalities (n=227) to IPH incidents with children present but not killed (n=350).
  • Calculated adjusted odds ratios for various risk factors predicting child death.

Main Results:

  • Perpetrator history of suicidal behavior, rape of the intimate partner victim, presence of a non-biological child, and perpetrator job stressors were associated with increased odds of child death.
  • Prior separation of the intimate partner victim from the perpetrator was associated with decreased odds of child death.
  • This study represents the first case-control analysis using live controls within NVDRS data.

Conclusions:

  • Specific perpetrator characteristics and circumstances significantly elevate the risk of child fatality during intimate partner homicides.
  • Findings can inform the development of targeted interventions to prevent child deaths in domestic violence situations.
  • The study highlights the importance of considering child safety in intimate partner violence contexts.