Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists01:30

Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists

354
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
354
Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory01:23

Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory

2.1K
Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
 Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Simultaneous Enhancement and Preservation of Valley-Polarized Second-Harmonic Generation in Monolayer WS<sub>2</sub> via Mie Resonances.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Conventional cigarettes, novel heated tobacco products, and self-reported frequent headache association in Japanese individuals: Insights from the JASTIS study, a Japanese cross-sectional analysis.

Headache·2026
Same author

Autonomous Robotic Mechanical Exfoliation of Two-Dimensional Semiconductors Combined with Bayesian Optimization.

ACS nano·2025
Same author

Direct Identification of Valley Coherence and Its Manipulation in Monolayer Two-Dimensional Semiconductor.

ACS nano·2025
Same author

All Dry Transfer Processes Utilizing Au Exfoliation for Predetermined Shapes of Transition Metal Dichalcogenide.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2025
Same author

Continuous Strain Modulation of Moiré Superlattice Symmetry From Triangle to Rectangle.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 23, 2025

Analysis of Learning and Memory Ability in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model using the Morris Water Maze
07:07

Analysis of Learning and Memory Ability in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model using the Morris Water Maze

Published on: October 29, 2019

19.7K

Tranexamic Acid Improves Memory and Learning Abilities in Aging Mice.

Keiichi Hiramoto1, Yurika Yamate1, Kazunari Matsuda2

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan.

Journal of Experimental Pharmacology
|December 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Tranexamic acid improved age-related memory and learning decline in mice. This treatment reduced plasmin and amyloid-beta levels, modulated brain macrophage populations, and decreased inflammatory cytokines.

Keywords:
IL-1βM1-type macrophageM2-type macrophageTNF-αchronic inflammationplasmin

More Related Videos

Motor and Hippocampal Dependent Spatial Learning and Reference Memory Assessment in a Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Stroke
09:45

Motor and Hippocampal Dependent Spatial Learning and Reference Memory Assessment in a Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Stroke

Published on: March 22, 2016

10.5K
Assessing Spatial Memory Impairment in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury Using a Radial Water Tread Maze
06:09

Assessing Spatial Memory Impairment in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury Using a Radial Water Tread Maze

Published on: July 17, 2017

7.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 23, 2025

Analysis of Learning and Memory Ability in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model using the Morris Water Maze
07:07

Analysis of Learning and Memory Ability in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model using the Morris Water Maze

Published on: October 29, 2019

19.7K
Motor and Hippocampal Dependent Spatial Learning and Reference Memory Assessment in a Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Stroke
09:45

Motor and Hippocampal Dependent Spatial Learning and Reference Memory Assessment in a Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Stroke

Published on: March 22, 2016

10.5K
Assessing Spatial Memory Impairment in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury Using a Radial Water Tread Maze
06:09

Assessing Spatial Memory Impairment in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury Using a Radial Water Tread Maze

Published on: July 17, 2017

7.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Aging Research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Aging is associated with cognitive decline, including memory and learning impairments.
  • Current interventions for age-related cognitive decline are limited.
  • Tranexamic acid has shown benefits in photo-aging and lifespan extension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of tranexamic acid on age-related memory and learning decline.
  • To determine if tranexamic acid can ameliorate cognitive deficits in aging mice.

Main Methods:

  • Naturally aging ICR mice were orally administered tranexamic acid (12 mg/kg/day) three times weekly for two years.
  • Memory and learning abilities were assessed and compared between treated and non-treated groups.

Main Results:

  • Tranexamic acid administration ameliorated the decline in memory and learning abilities associated with aging.
  • Treatment decreased plasmin and amyloid-beta expression.
  • Modulation of brain macrophages (decreased M1, increased M2) and altered cytokine profiles (decreased IL-1β, TNF-α; increased IL-10, TGF-α) were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Tranexamic acid improved age-related memory and learning abilities in mice.
  • The mechanism involves suppressing inflammatory M1 macrophage cytokine secretion.
  • This suggests tranexamic acid as a potential therapeutic agent for age-related cognitive decline.