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Endocarditis due to Staphylococcus lugdunensis-a retrospective national registry-based study
Malin Hagstrand Aldman1,2, Magnus Rasmussen3,4, Lars Olaison5,6
1Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Infection Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Malin.hagstrand_aldman@med.lu.se.
Summary
Infective endocarditis (IE) caused by Staphylococcus lugdunensis shows higher mortality than Staphylococcus aureus or other CoNS. This study analyzed S. lugdunensis IE characteristics and outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Cardiology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious infection of the heart's inner lining.
- Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) species.
- Comparative data on S. lugdunensis IE versus other staphylococcal IE are limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize infective endocarditis (IE) caused by Staphylococcus lugdunensis.
- To compare outcomes of S. lugdunensis IE with IE caused by Staphylococcus aureus and other CoNS.
- To analyze treatment and mortality in a national registry.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of the National Swedish Registry of IE (2008-2018).
- Inclusion of 30 episodes of S. lugdunensis IE.
- Comparison with IE cases caused by S. aureus and other CoNS.
Main Results:
- S. lugdunensis IE had a significantly higher 30-day mortality rate (20%) compared to other CoNS (7%) and S. aureus (9%) (p = 0.016).
- Native valves were affected in 21 cases; 7 patients required surgery.
- Septic embolization was infrequent (7%). Isoxazolyl penicillin was the most common treatment.
Conclusions:
- Staphylococcus lugdunensis IE presents a higher mortality risk than IE from S. aureus or other CoNS.
- Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for managing S. lugdunensis IE.
- Further research into optimal therapeutic strategies for S. lugdunensis IE is warranted.
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