Effect of piezocision on mandibular second molar protraction

Area of Science:

• Orthodontics
• Periodontology
• Oral Surgery

Background:

• Mandibular second molar protraction is a common orthodontic procedure.
• Piezocision is a minimally invasive surgical technique used to enhance orthodontic tooth movement.
• The efficacy of piezocision in accelerating mandibular second molar protraction requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of piezocision on the rate of mandibular second molar protraction.
• To compare the duration of space closure and inflammatory markers between piezocision and non-piezocision groups.

Main Methods:

• A study involving 31 subjects with extracted mandibular first molars, divided into piezocision and control groups.
• Piezocision involved vertical incisions and bone cuts before molar protraction.
• Measurements included the rate of second molar protraction, space closure duration, and interleukin-1-β levels in gingival crevicular fluid.

Main Results:

• The piezocision group exhibited a significantly higher rate of molar protraction (1.26 mm/month) compared to the control group (0.68 mm/month) in the first two months.
• Space closure duration was shorter in the piezocision group (9.61 months) versus the control group (10.87 months).
• Interleukin-1-β levels in gingival crevicular fluid were elevated in the piezocision group up to one week post-surgery.

Conclusions:

• Piezocision effectively doubles the rate of mandibular second molar protraction during the initial two months.
• While accelerating initial movement, piezocision offers a limited overall reduction in space closure time.
• The inflammatory response, indicated by IL-1β, is transiently increased following piezocision.