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Pain and Anxiety Levels Using Conventional versus Computer-Controlled Local Anesthetic Systems in Pediatric Patients:

Amaury Pozos-Guillén, Edith Loredo-Cruz, Vicente Esparza-Villalpando

    The Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry
    |December 30, 2020
    PubMed

    Insights

    Computer-controlled delivery systems (CCDS) significantly reduce pain and anxiety during dental anesthesia in children compared to traditional injections. This finding offers a less distressing experience for pediatric patients undergoing dental procedures.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Dentistry
    • Anesthesiology
    • Evidence-Based Dentistry

    Background:

    • Dental anxiety and pain are significant concerns in pediatric patients during local anesthesia.
    • Conventional needle-based injections can elicit fear and discomfort, potentially impacting treatment adherence.
    • Computer-controlled delivery systems (CCDS) offer an alternative method for administering local anesthesia.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To systematically review and meta-analyze the pain and anxiety levels associated with conventional versus CCDS for local anesthesia in children.
    • To compare the efficacy of different pain scales in assessing discomfort during dental anesthesia in pediatric populations.

    Main Methods:

    • Systematic literature review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials.
    • Searched four electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, Dentistry & Oral Science Source/EBSCO) from January 1995 to December 2019.
    • Included studies in English or Spanish, adhering to PRISMA statement guidelines.

    Main Results:

    • Computer-controlled delivery systems (CCDS) demonstrated significantly lower pain perception compared to conventional injections.
    • Subgroup analysis using the Facial Image Scale and Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale showed significant differences favoring CCDS.
    • Evidence indicates reduced perceived pain and anxiety with CCDS for local anesthetic techniques.

    Conclusions:

    • CCDS are associated with less pain and anxiety in children during dental anesthesia compared to traditional methods.
    • The findings support the use of CCDS to improve the pediatric dental experience.
    • Further research may explore long-term impacts and patient preferences.

    Keywords:
    Computerized MethodsInjection SyringeLocal AnesthesiaMeta-analysisPediatric DentistrySystematic ReviewWand

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