Laser stabilization to neutral Yb in a discharge with polarization-enhanced frequency modulation spectroscopy

Isotope selective optical excitation of atoms is important for experiments with neutral atoms, metrology, and work with trapped ions, including quantum information processing. Polarization-enhanced absorption spectroscopy is used to frequency stabilize a tunable external cavity laser diode system at 398.9 nm for isotope selective photoionization of neutral Yb atoms. This spectroscopy technique is used to measure isotope resolved dispersive features from transitions within a see-through configuration ytterbium hollow-cathode discharge lamp. This Doppler-free dichroic polarization spectroscopy is realized by retro-reflecting a laser beam through the discharge and analyzing the polarization dependent absorption with balanced detection. The spectroscopy signal is recovered using lock-in detection of frequency modulation induced by current modulation of the external cavity laser diode. Here, we show an order of magnitude improvement in the long-term stability using polarization-enhanced absorption spectroscopy of Yb compared to polarization spectroscopy.