Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 23, 2025
05:54
Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla
Published on: October 18, 2021
2.1K
Secondary Reconstruction of the Zygomaticomaxillary Complex
Hessah M Aman1, Abdulrahman Alenezi2, Yadranko Ducic3
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Dallas, Texas.
Seminars in Plastic Surgery
|December 31, 2020
Summary
Secondary zygomaticomaxillary (ZMC) deformities require revision surgery. Advanced techniques like virtual surgical planning aid complex reconstructions, while simpler cases use grafting or implants for facial restoration.
Area of Science:
- Maxillofacial surgery
- Plastic and reconstructive surgery
- Facial trauma reconstruction
Background:
- Zygomaticomaxillary (ZMC) fractures are the second most common facial fractures.
- Secondary deformities arise from inadequate primary ZMC fracture repair.
- These deformities impact facial structure, aesthetics, and orbital integrity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline strategies for correcting secondary ZMC deformities.
- To highlight the role of advanced technologies in complex revisions.
- To describe methods for managing minor malar and orbital defects.
Main Methods:
- Virtual surgical planning, intraoperative navigation, and imaging for extensive corrections.
- Zygomatic repositioning osteotomies for significant orbital and malar defects.
- Onlay grafting, soft tissue augmentation, and resuspension for malar projection.
- Autogenous or alloplastic materials for isolated orbital volume restoration.
Main Results:
- Extensive ZMC revisions benefit from virtual surgical planning and navigation.
- Minor malar deformities can be addressed with grafting and augmentation.
- Orbital volume and anatomy can be restored using various grafting materials.
Conclusions:
- Secondary ZMC deformities necessitate tailored revision strategies.
- Advanced planning and navigation tools are crucial for complex reconstructions.
- Simpler reconstructive options exist for less severe malar and orbital issues.
