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Related Concept Videos

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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
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Combining Peripheral Nerve Grafting and Matrix Modulation to Repair the Injured Rat Spinal Cord
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Strategies for Peripheral Nerve Repair.

Matthew Wilcox1,2,3, Holly Gregory1,2, Rebecca Powell1,2

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX UK.

Current Tissue Microenvironment Reports
|December 31, 2020
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Summary

Developing new biomaterials and engineered tissues is crucial for peripheral nerve injury (PNI) repair. Success requires considering biomechanical and cellular factors, alongside improved clinical outcome measures for nerve regeneration.

Keywords:
Nerve biomechanicsNerve regenerationQuantitative MRIQuantitative neurophysiologyRepair Schwann cells

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials science
  • Tissue engineering
  • Regenerative medicine
  • Peripheral nerve repair

Background:

  • Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) presents significant challenges for functional recovery.
  • Current therapeutic strategies often lack the complexity to fully address the regenerative microenvironment.
  • The development of advanced biomaterials and engineered tissues is essential for improving PNI treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review biomechanical and cellular considerations for developing biomaterials and engineered tissues for PNI.
  • To discuss translational requirements for outcome measurements in clinical PNI repair.
  • To highlight the need for integrated approaches combining biochemical and mechanical cues for nerve regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of biomechanical and cellular aspects of biomaterial and engineered tissue development for PNI.
  • Analysis of current clinical outcome measures for peripheral nerve repair.
  • Synthesis of findings to identify key considerations for translational research.

Main Results:

  • Therapies integrating multiple aspects of the regenerative environment are most promising for nerve regeneration.
  • A complex interplay of biological, chemical, and mechanical factors influences regeneration.
  • There is a critical need for sensitive and responsive clinical outcome measures for evaluating PNI therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Future effective therapies for PNI will likely involve engineered tissues and biomaterials that create a supportive biochemical and mechanical microenvironment.
  • Translational development necessitates improved clinical measures to accurately quantify nerve regeneration.
  • A multidisciplinary approach is required to advance biomaterial-based strategies for peripheral nerve repair.