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Electroosmotic flow: From microfluidics to nanofluidics.

Amer Alizadeh1, Wei-Lun Hsu1, Moran Wang2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

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|December 31, 2020
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Summary

Electroosmotic flow (EOF) drives fluid pumping in micro/nanoscale systems. This review details electrical double layer (EDL) models and phenomena crucial for understanding EOF in miniaturized applications.

Keywords:
Electrical double layer / Electro osmosis / Microchannels / Nanochannels / Porous media

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Electroosmotic flow (EOF) is vital for micro/nanoscale fluid transport.
  • EOF enables mechanical-free liquid pumping in miniaturized systems.
  • Understanding the electrical double layer (EDL) is key to electrokinetic pumping.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical development of electrical double layer (EDL) models.
  • To elucidate the role of EDL in electroosmotic flow (EOF).
  • To discuss EOF phenomena at micro/nanoscale interfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of EDL models.
  • Analysis of ion and water molecule interactions at solid-liquid interfaces.
  • Discussion of physicochemical phenomena in confined geometries.

Main Results:

  • EOF is a significant electrokinetic phenomenon at the micro/nanoscale.
  • EDL models provide insight into EOF mechanisms.
  • EDL interactions are critical as characteristic lengths decrease to the nanoscale.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of EDL models is essential for advancing EOF applications.
  • Further research into theoretical and experimental aspects of EOF is highlighted.
  • EOF holds promise for diverse applications in biotechnology and environmental science.