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Applying Differential Wave-Front Sensing and Differential Power Sensing for Simultaneous Precise and Wide-Range

Neda Meshksar¹, Moritz Mehmet², Katharina-Sophie Isleif²

¹Institut für Geophysik, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|January 1, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel interferometer combining differential wave-front sensing (DWS) and differential power sensing (DPS) for precise test-mass rotation measurement. The design offers high sensitivity near nominal position and a wide dynamic range for rotational dynamics.

Keywords:

deep frequency modulation interferometry differential power sensing differential wave-front sensing test-mass readout torsion balance

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Area of Science:

* Optical Metrology
* Precision Measurement

Background:

* Mach-Zehnder interferometers are adapted for sensitive measurements.
* Differential wave-front sensing (DWS) and differential power sensing (DPS) are key techniques for measuring test-mass dynamics.

Discussion:

* The proposed interferometer integrates DWS for high-sensitivity sub-Hz rotational measurements (6 nrad Hz^-1/2) near nominal position (±0.11 mrad).
* DPS extends the measurement capability to a wide rotation range (±5 mrad).
* Integration with deep frequency modulation (DFM) interferometry enables simultaneous translational dynamics measurement.

Key Insights:

* Simulations validate the interferometer's setup and signal generation.
* An optimization algorithm tunes lens positions and laser waist for optimal DWS slope, DPS dynamic range, and interferometric contrast.
* The design demonstrates robustness and allows investigation of tolerances.

Outlook:

* The proposed interferometer shows potential for state-of-the-art translational and rotational test-mass tracking.
* Its compact design and dual sensing capabilities make it suitable for torsion pendulum setups and other precision applications.