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Adipokines and the risk of active TB: a nested case-control study
1Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.
Summary
Higher levels of leptin and resistin are linked to a lower risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB). These findings suggest potential biomarkers for TB susceptibility in adults.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Adipokines, signaling molecules from adipose tissue, play a role in immune system regulation.
- Emerging evidence suggests adipokines may influence susceptibility to active tuberculosis (TB).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between serum adipokine levels and the risk of developing active TB.
- To determine if specific adipokines are associated with altered TB susceptibility.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study nested within a prospective cohort of middle-aged and older adults in Singapore.
- Matched 280 active TB cases with 280 controls based on pre-diagnosis blood samples.
- Measured serum concentrations of adiponectin, resistin, leptin, and ghrelin, analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.
Main Results:
- Elevated serum leptin levels showed a dose-dependent association with reduced TB risk (OR 0.46, highest vs. lowest quartile).
- Increased serum resistin levels were also dose-dependently associated with lower TB risk (OR 0.46, highest vs. lowest quartile).
- Adiponectin and ghrelin levels did not demonstrate a significant association with TB risk.
Conclusions:
- Higher serum concentrations of leptin and resistin may indicate reduced susceptibility to active TB infection.
- Leptin and resistin show potential as biomarkers for predicting TB risk.
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