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Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography
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Abnormal Cingulum Bundle Induced by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Diffusion Tensor Tractography Study.

Ying Cui1, Tian-Yu Tang2, Chun-Qiang Lu1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
|January 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) alters white matter integrity in the cingulum bundle, impacting executive function and linked to insulin resistance. This study reveals structural brain changes in T2DM patients.

Keywords:
Type 2 diabetes mellituscingulum bundlecognitive impairmentdiffusion tensor imaginginsulin resistancetractography

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • White matter (WM) pathology is implicated in cognitive impairment associated with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
  • The cingulum bundle (CB) is a critical WM tract potentially affected in T2DM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the microstructural integrity of the bilateral cingulum bundle (CB) in T2DM patients using diffusion tensor tractography.
  • To explore the relationship between CB integrity, cognitive function, and endocrine parameters in T2DM.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed on 37 T2DM patients and 34 healthy controls.
  • Tractography of bilateral CB was conducted, and diffusion measurements (FA, MD, length) were compared.
  • Correlations between CB diffusion measures, cognitive performance, and insulin resistance (IR) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • T2DM patients showed reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) in bilateral CB, increased mean diffusion (MD) in the right CB, and decreased length in the left CB.
  • The posterior segment of the CB, specifically the retrosplenial component, exhibited the most significant FA differences.
  • CB diffusion measures correlated with impaired executive functioning and elevated insulin resistance in T2DM patients.

Conclusions:

  • Altered diffusion measurements in the bilateral CB suggest neuropathological changes in T2DM.
  • This study highlights structural alterations in the CB throughout its length in T2DM and its connection to cognitive deficits.
  • Insulin resistance may be a significant risk factor for these observed white matter changes in T2DM.