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Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis
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Lumbosacral polyradiculitis associated with brucellosis.

Fatemeh Sadat Mahdavi1, Nahid Abbasi Khoshsirat2, Atossa Madanipour1

  • 1Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.

Idcases
|January 1, 2021
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Brucellosis can cause neurobrucellosis, a serious complication affecting the nervous system. Early diagnosis and treatment of this rare polyradiculopathy manifestation are crucial for patient recovery.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Bacteriology

Background:

  • Brucellosis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by Brucella species.
  • Neurobrucellosis is a rare but severe neurological complication of brucellosis.
  • Polyradiculopathy is an uncommon neurological manifestation of neurobrucellosis.

Observation:

  • A 29-year-old male presented with subacute lower limb weakness and gait difficulty.
  • The patient had a history of consuming unpasteurized dairy products.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum serological tests (Wright, Coombs Wright, 2ME) were positive for Brucella, despite negative PCR.

Findings:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Electromyography (EMG) revealed polyradiculopathy.
  • The patient received six months of treatment.
  • Complete clinical recovery was observed, with resolution of nerve root enhancement on MRI.

Implications:

  • Neurobrucellosis requires prompt clinical attention due to its potential for severe neurological sequelae.
  • Timely diagnosis and initiation of treatment are essential for favorable outcomes in neurobrucellosis patients.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering brucellosis in the differential diagnosis of unexplained polyradiculopathy, especially in endemic areas or with relevant exposure history.