Determination of toxic heavy metals in fish samples using dispersive micro solid phase extraction combined with...

Monitoring of toxic heavy metals in fish samples is a matter of a great importance from the nutritional and toxicological points of view. A dispersive micro solid phase extraction (dµSPE) for preconcentration of trace Pb, Cd, Hg, Co, Ni ions using pectin coated magnetic graphene oxide (pectin/Fe₃O₄/GO) is presented. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP/OES) was utilized for analyzing the samples. The influence of parameters name as pH, extraction time, sample volume and amount of sorbent were optimized using central composite design (CCD) methodology. Detection and quantification limits were between 0.01 and 0.21 µg g^-1 and 0.04-0.67 µg g^-1 of fresh fish sample, respectively. Accuracy of the method verified using certified reference materials (NIST-SRM-1946). Concentration of the toxic heavy metals were successfully determined in 11 different fish samples using the proposed method.