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Updated: Nov 23, 2025

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
Published on: September 26, 2013
Early Events Triggering the Initiation of a Type 2 Immune Response
Darine W El-Naccache1, György Haskó2, William C Gause1
1Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA; Department of Medicine, Rutgers - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
Abstract:
Type 2 immune responses are typically associated with protection against helminth infections and also with harmful inflammation in response to allergens. Recent advances have revealed that type 2 immunity also contributes to sterile inflammation, cancer, and microbial infections. However, the early events that initiate type 2 immune responses remain poorly defined. New insights reveal major contributions from danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in the initiation of type 2 immune responses. In this review, we examine the molecules released by the host and pathogens and the role they play in mediating the initiation of mammalian innate type 2 immune responses under a variety of conditions.
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