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Summary

Naturally occurring positive and negative affect do not significantly impact verbal and spatial working memory (WM) performance in typical individuals. This study found no association between everyday mood levels and cognitive abilities like working memory.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Affective Science

Background:

  • Previous research suggests induced or clinical affect influences working memory (WM), with mixed findings on specificity.
  • Some studies indicate positive affect enhances verbal WM, negative affect enhances spatial WM, while others show nonspecific impairment/improvement.
  • The role of naturally occurring, non-clinical affect on WM remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between naturally occurring positive and negative affect and performance on verbal and spatial working memory tasks.
  • To examine these associations using a latent variable approach in an unselected undergraduate sample.
  • To determine if typical variations in mood correlate with individual differences in working memory capacity.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a latent variable approach to model working memory performance.
  • Assessed naturally occurring positive and negative affect in 112 undergraduate students.
  • Utilized six distinct working memory tasks to measure verbal and spatial WM, complex span, and 2-back performance.

Main Results:

  • Results supported a hierarchical model of working memory.
  • No significant relationships were found between naturally occurring affect (positive or negative) and working memory performance.
  • This lack of association persisted across individual tasks and latent variables for overall, verbal, and spatial WM.

Conclusions:

  • Naturally occurring affect levels in a nonclinical population are not significantly related to individual differences in working memory.
  • Findings contrast with studies using induced affect or clinical populations, suggesting typical mood variations do not impact WM.
  • Further research may explore boundary conditions or specific affective nuances influencing working memory.