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Antibody Dynamics for Plasmodium vivax Malaria: A Mathematical Model
Somya Mehra1, James M McCaw2,3,4, Mark B Flegg5
1School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. somyam@student.unimelb.edu.au.
Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
|January 2, 2021
Summary
This study models antibody responses to Plasmodium vivax malaria, accounting for infections and relapses. The model provides insights into exposure-dependent antibody levels for improved serological surveillance and understanding acquired immunity.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
- Mathematical Biology
Background:
- Malaria, particularly Plasmodium vivax, remains a significant global health issue.
- Antibodies are crucial for host defense against P. vivax, developing through parasite exposure.
- Understanding antibody dynamics is key for effective malaria control and immunity assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a mathematical model for within-host antibody responses to P. vivax.
- To analyze the impact of primary infections and relapses on antibody levels.
- To derive analytic expressions for antibody distributions in a general transmission setting.
Main Methods:
- Developed an epidemiological framework for P. vivax infections, including primary infections and hypnozoite relapses.
- Utilized an infinite server queue to determine relapse distributions.
- Employed a generalized shot noise process to model antibody kinetics (boosting and decay) within the epidemiological framework.
Main Results:
- Derived analytic results for the distribution of P. vivax relapses.
- Obtained analytic expressions for antibody level distributions in individuals.
- Established a framework to explore exposure-dependent antibody dynamics.
Conclusions:
- The developed model offers a tool to investigate P. vivax antibody kinetics.
- This approach can inform serological surveillance strategies.
- The findings contribute to understanding acquired immunity against P. vivax malaria.
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