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Scale-up desalination: Membrane-current collector assembly in flow-electrode capacitive deionization system.

Longqian Xu1, Yunfeng Mao1, Yang Zong1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.

Water Research
|January 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an innovative membrane-current collector (MCC) based flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) system for efficient salt removal. The new design enables easier scale-up desalination with reduced costs and improved performance.

Keywords:
Flow-electrode capacitive deionizationMembrane-current collectorOperation modeScale-up desalinationTitanium mesh

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Engineering
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Scale-up desalination using flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) faces challenges including low water production, high energy consumption, and complex cell configurations.
  • Existing FCDI systems often require significant infrastructure investment and have limitations in terms of device size and energy efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an innovative FCDI system utilizing an integrated membrane-current collector (MCC) assembly for enhanced desalination.
  • To demonstrate the scalability and efficiency of the proposed MCC-FCDI system for practical applications.

Main Methods:

  • An integrated desalination module with a membrane-current collector (MCC) assembly was designed and implemented as the MCC-FCDI system.
  • Evaluated single module performance and conducted multi-module operations in both isolated closed-cycle (MICC) and short-circuited closed-cycle (MSCC) configurations.
  • Assessed salt removal rate (ASRR), energy consumption, and overall desalination performance over extended operation periods.

Main Results:

  • The single MCC-FCDI module achieved an average salt removal rate (ASRR) comparable to classic FCDI systems but with significantly lower infrastructure investment, device size, and energy cost.
  • Multi-module operation, particularly the MICC configuration, demonstrated nearly double the desalination performance compared to single-module operation over approximately 50 hours.
  • The Ti-mesh MCC with a woven network facilitated efficient update of carbon particles in the flow electrode, leading to substantial ion adsorption capacity.

Conclusions:

  • The MCC-FCDI system presents a promising and practical solution for scale-up desalination, overcoming key limitations of traditional FCDI.
  • The modular design and efficient flow electrode update mechanism offer a new reference and guidance for developing cost-effective and high-performance desalination devices.
  • This innovative approach significantly improves the economic viability and operational efficiency of capacitive deionization for water treatment.