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MRI-based R2* mapping in patients with suspected or known iron overload.

Emre Aslan1, Jack W Luo2, An Lesage1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.

Abdominal Radiology (New York)
|January 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

R2* relaxometry quantifies iron overload, revealing significant differences in organ iron levels across primary and secondary conditions. Treatment regimens also influenced liver iron levels, highlighting the method

Keywords:
HemochromatosisIron overloadMRI iron quantificationR2*Transfusional hemosiderosis

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Quantitative MRI
  • Iron Metabolism

Background:

  • Iron overload is a serious condition requiring accurate assessment.
  • R2* relaxometry offers a non-invasive method for quantifying tissue iron concentration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cross-sectional relationships of R2* values in multiple organs in patients with iron overload.
  • To analyze R2* values based on the etiology (primary vs. secondary) and treatment regimen.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 81 adult patients with iron overload.
  • R2* measurements in liver, spleen, bone marrow, pancreas, renal cortex/medulla, and myocardium using 1.5T MRI.
  • Correlation, Kruskal-Wallis, and Dunn tests were employed for statistical analysis.

Main Results:

  • Significant correlations were observed between liver R2* and spleen, bone marrow, pancreas, and heart R2*.
  • R2* values differed significantly between primary and secondary iron overload across multiple organs.
  • Specific differences in R2* were noted between thalassemia, hereditary hemochromatosis, and sickle cell disease, particularly in the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and renal cortex.
  • A trend towards lower liver R2* with phlebotomy and higher R2* with transfusion/chelation therapy was observed.

Conclusions:

  • R2* relaxometry effectively differentiates iron overload severity and distribution across organs.
  • Organ-specific R2* values vary based on the underlying cause of iron overload and treatment received.
  • This quantitative MRI technique aids in understanding iron kinetics in various clinical scenarios.