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Related Concept Videos

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

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Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
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Related Experiment Video

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Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
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Applying postoperative radioiodine therapy before 3 months seems to decrease ablation success in patients with

Özhan Özdoğan1, Ayşegül Aksu2, Ersoy Doğan3

  • 1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, Inciralti, 35340, Izmir, Turkey. ozhan.ozdogan@deu.edu.tr.

Annals of Nuclear Medicine
|January 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Optimizing radioiodine therapy timing after total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is crucial. Initiating radioiodine ablation more than three months post-surgery significantly increases successful remnant ablation rates in low-risk DTC patients.

Keywords:
RadioiodineRemnant ablationSuccessful ablationThyroid carcinomaTiming

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Nuclear Medicine

Background:

  • Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) management often involves radioiodine (RAI) remnant ablation post-thyroidectomy.
  • Optimal timing for RAI therapy after total thyroidectomy remains debated, particularly for low and low-to-intermediate-risk patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of the time interval between total thyroidectomy and RAI therapy (titRAI) on the success rates of remnant ablation in DTC patients.
  • To determine if a specific time interval influences ablation efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 503 low and low-to-intermediate-risk DTC patients treated with RAI remnant ablation between 2013-2017.
  • Exclusion of patients with pathologic uptake outside the thyroid bed or high-risk disease.
  • Successful ablation defined by absence of focal uptake on I-131 whole body scan, stimulated thyroglobulin (Tg) < 1 ng/mL, and normal/undetectable antithyroglobulin antibody (ATG).

Main Results:

  • Overall successful ablation rate was 77.1% in 503 patients.
  • Patients with titRAI > 3 months (70%) showed a significantly higher success rate (81.2%) compared to those with titRAI ≤ 3 months (67.5%) (p=0.001).
  • A delay of over 3 months increased successful ablation by 20.3%; no significant difference was found when the cutoff was 2 months.

Conclusions:

  • Initiating radioiodine therapy more than three months after total thyroidectomy appears to enhance the success rate of remnant ablation in differentiated thyroid cancer.
  • The findings suggest that a delayed RAI therapy interval may be beneficial for improving ablation outcomes in selected DTC patients.