Advances in the Occurrence of Pyroptosis: A Novel Role in Atherosclerosis

Pyroptosis is a new type of pro-inflammatory programmed cell death identified over the last few years and has since attracted researchers' attention. Current research demonstrates that pyroptosis's primary process is dependent on caspase-1 protein and gasdermin D protein and is accompanied by the release of inflammatory substances. However, the specific mechanisms and physiological or pathophysiological processes involved in pyroptosis are unclear. Presently, research on the occurrence, development, and treatment of various diseases associated with pyroptosis is of significant value. Pyroptosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. For instance, numerous studies have revealed that pyroptosis is involved in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, and it is closely associated with pyroptosis of three essential cells (vascular endothelial cells, macrophages, and vascular smooth muscle cells) in atherosclerosis. The advancement of research on pyroptosis is anticipated to give insights into its application as a potential method for treating diseases. This article mainly reviews the relationship between pyroptosis and associated mechanisms factors that cause pyroptosis and the relationship between pyroptosis and various diseases, especially atherosclerosis.