Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 23, 2025
Surgical Closure of Equine Abdomen, Prevention, and Management of Incisional Complications
Published on: May 10, 2024
Hand-assisted laparoscopic cystotomy for cystic calculus removal in male horses (3 cases)
Alejandro Merchan1, Elizabeth J Barrett1, Dwayne H Rodgerson1
1Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario (Merchan); Davidson Surgery Center, Hagyard Equine Medical Institute, Lexington, Kentucky, USA (Barrett, Rodgerson).
Insights
Hand-assisted laparoscopy successfully removed large cystic calculi in horses. This equine surgery technique offers a viable option for horses unable to stand for surgery.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Surgery
- Equine Medicine
- Minimally Invasive Procedures
Background:
- Cystic calculi (bladder stones) can cause significant health issues in horses.
- Surgical removal is often necessary but can be challenging, especially in recumbent or large horses.
Abstract:
A technique for hand-assisted laparoscopic removal of cystic calculi in male horses is described. Three cystic calculi ranging from 5 to 10 cm in diameter were removed successfully using bilateral para-inguinal laparoscopic portals assisted by a human hand within the abdomen, effectively sealing the midline incision. Long-term follow-up information obtained from referring veterinarians and owners indicated that the patients returned to their previous activity level and had no recurrence of clinical signs in the following 6 to 12 months. Key clinical message: Hand-assisted recumbent laparoscopy is a satisfactory surgical technique for removal of cystic calculi in horses which cannot be operated on standing or whose body condition would make the parainguinal approach difficult.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management
01:28Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination