Rattlesnake (Crotalus spp.) distribution and diversity in Zacatecas, Mexico

Area of Science:

• Herpetology
• Conservation Biology
• Ecology

Background:

• Mexico boasts high reptile diversity, including numerous venomous snakes like rattlesnakes (Crotalus genus).
• Nine Crotalus species inhabit Zacatecas, facing conservation challenges from habitat fragmentation and direct human impact.
• Most rattlesnake species are categorized as threatened nationally and internationally.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the potential distribution and species diversity of rattlesnakes at the municipal level in Zacatecas.
• To create species distribution models for nine rattlesnake species within the state.
• To provide data for effective management and conservation strategies.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of global distribution data for nine rattlesnake species.
• Development of species distribution models using ecological variables and presence records.
• Assessment of rattlesnake species diversity across Zacatecas's municipalities.

Main Results:

• At least one rattlesnake species was predicted in 39 out of 58 municipalities (67.24%).
• Fresnillo, Sombrerete, and Valparaíso showed the highest rattlesnake diversity.
• Crotalus atrox, C. lepidus, C. molossus, and C. scutulatus were widely distributed; C. basiliscus, C. polystictus, C. pricei, and C. willardi had limited distribution data.

Conclusions:

• The study defines areas with high potential for rattlesnake distribution in Zacatecas.
• These models enhance the efficiency of field research for data collection.
• The findings support the development of targeted management and conservation plans for rattlesnakes in the region.