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Comments on vaccines, August 1987.

C E Wheeler1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, North Carolina Memorial Hospital, Chapel Hill 27514.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
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Achieving global eradication of herpes simplex and herpes zoster viruses via vaccines presents significant challenges due to latency and recurrent infections. Current strategies focus on disease control and symptom management rather than complete eradication.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections are characterized by latency and recurrent disease, complicating eradication efforts.
  • The smallpox eradication serves as a benchmark, highlighting the difficulties in eliminating persistent viral infections.
  • Existing live, attenuated varicella vaccines offer protection but do not fully prevent subsequent infections or latency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of eradicating herpes simplex and herpes zoster viruses globally.
  • To discuss the potential of vaccines and immunotherapies for controlling these viral infections.
  • To explore the role of passive immunization in managing herpes virus infections.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on varicella vaccines and herpes simplex vaccines.

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  • Analysis of the challenges posed by viral latency and recurrence.
  • Discussion of the potential applications of immune globulins and antibody preparations.

    • Main Results:

    • Vaccine-mediated eradication of HSV and VZV is significantly more challenging than smallpox eradication.
    • Current varicella vaccines reduce clinical disease but do not eliminate latency or subsequent infections.
    • Amelioration of clinical symptoms and reduction of latency are more realistic goals for HSV vaccines.

    Conclusions:

    • Global eradication of herpes simplex and herpes zoster viruses by vaccines is unlikely in the near future.
    • Disease control and management, rather than eradication, should be the primary focus.
    • Passive immunization, particularly for immunocompromised individuals with severe HSV infections, warrants further investigation.