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Evaluating wildlife translocations using genomics: A bighorn sheep case study.

Elizabeth P Flesch1, Tabitha A Graves2, Jennifer M Thomson3

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|January 4, 2021
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Summary

Genomic analysis of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) translocations reveals successful reintroductions and augmentations. This research informs future wildlife restoration strategies for this species.

Keywords:
Ovis canadensisbighorn sheepgenomicskinshippopulation geneticstranslocation

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Area of Science:

  • Population genetics
  • Conservation genomics
  • Wildlife restoration

Background:

  • Wildlife restoration frequently uses translocations to reintroduce species and bolster small, fragmented populations.
  • Understanding the genomic impacts of these efforts is crucial for effective conservation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the genomic consequences of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) translocations and population isolation.
  • To inform future bighorn sheep restoration strategies by evaluating the success of past reintroduction and augmentation efforts.

Main Methods:

  • Population genomic analysis of 511 bighorn sheep from 17 areas using the Illumina High Density Ovine array.
  • Generated datasets of 6,155 to 33,289 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
  • Conducted clustering, population tree, and kinship analyses to evaluate 24 translocation events.

Main Results:

  • Natural gene flow was limited between most bighorn sheep populations, even those with historical connectivity.
  • Identified eight successful reintroductions and five successful augmentations based on genetic evidence.
  • A single native population founded six reintroduced herds; successful augmentations involved 18-57 animals (males and females), while small groups of two males were undetectable.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic distinctiveness between native and reintroduced bighorn sheep herds was observed.
  • The study provides insights into the relative success of reintroduction and augmentation efforts and factors influencing them.
  • Guidance is offered to enhance the genetic contribution of future translocations for improved bighorn sheep restoration.