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Related Experiment Videos

Interlaboratory Application of Raman CO2 Densimeter Equations: Experimental Procedure and Statistical Analysis Using

Samantha Remigi1, Tullio Mancini2, Simona Ferrando3

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Terra, Università Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.

Applied Spectroscopy
|January 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary

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Raman spectroscopy is key for CO2 fluid density but interlaboratory results vary. New calibrations and statistical analysis show similar spectral resolution ensures reliable, interlaboratory CO2 density calculations.

Area of Science:

  • Geochemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Raman spectroscopy measures CO2 fluid density via Fermi diad split (Δ).
  • Existing Raman CO2 densimeter equations show interlaboratory variability, yielding different density values for the same Δ.
  • This variability limits the universal application of published calibration equations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of experimental parameters on Raman CO2 densimeter calibration.
  • To develop a new calibration equation and assess instrument-dependent variability.
  • To statistically analyze existing equations at a population level using bootstrapped confidence intervals.

Main Methods:

  • Calibrated a new Raman CO2 densimeter equation using a bottom-up approach.
  • Acquired CO2 spectra with varying spectral resolutions.
Keywords:
CO2Raman densimeter equationRaman spectroscopycarbon dioxidecarbon dioxide density

Related Experiment Videos

  • Developed bootstrapped confidence intervals for density estimates of existing equations.

    • Main Results:

    • Raman densimeter equations calibrated with similar spectral resolution yield CO2 density values within standard errors.
    • Statistical analysis confirms CO2 densities calculated by equations calibrated at similar spectral resolution are equivalent at 95% confidence.
    • Each Raman densimeter has a statistically defined limit of applicability (minimum Δ value) beyond which density errors increase.

    Conclusions:

    • Equations calibrated at similar spectral resolutions are suitable for interlaboratory application.
    • Instrument-dependent variability can be minimized by standardizing spectral resolution during calibration.
    • Establishing a minimum Δ value for each densimeter improves the accuracy and reliability of CO2 fluid density measurements.