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COVID-19 and neurocognitive disorders.

Elizabeta B Mukaetova-Ladinska1,2, Golo Kronenberg3,4, Ruma Raha-Chowdhury5

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COVID-19 infection can cause neurocognitive disorders due to viral inflammation and central nervous system entry. Understanding these changes aids in managing and treating cognitive impairment following the pandemic.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Virology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • COVID-19 infection presents with diverse physical and mental health issues.
  • The pandemic's psychological impact is significant, yet neurocognitive changes are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize current knowledge on SARS-CoV-2's neurobiological impact.
  • To explain the rise of neurocognitive disorders post-COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Review of viral-induced inflammation mechanisms.
  • Analysis of viral entry into the central nervous system.
  • Examination of altered neurotransmitter systems.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 can lead to neuroinflammation and central nervous system invasion.
  • Neurotransmitter system alterations contribute to neurocognitive deficits.
  • Mild and major neurocognitive disorder symptoms are observed.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 presents a model for studying early neurocognitive impairment.
  • Evidence synthesis informs management strategies.
  • Novel therapeutic opportunities for post-COVID-19 cognitive impairment are discussed.