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Related Concept Videos

Electrophoresis: Overview01:20

Electrophoresis: Overview

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Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
There...
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

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Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
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Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation01:20

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Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

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Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
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Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis01:22

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Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is a high-resolution protein separation method first introduced by O' Farrell and Klose in 1975. This method involves protein separation by two dimensions, mass and charge, making it more accurate than one-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
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Centrifugation is a separation technique based on differences in density or size. It is commonly used to separate solids from aqueous interferents. During centrifugation, the sample is placed in centrifugation tubes and spun at high angular velocity, which allows centrifugal force to act differentially on the different densities or masses of the components. After spinning, the supernatant liquid is decanted. Depending on the specific application, either the pellet or the supernatant is retained...
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Cell Sorting Using Electrokinetic Deterministic Lateral Displacement.

Bao D Ho1, Jason P Beech1, Jonas O Tegenfeldt1

  • 1Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Physics Department, Lund University, PO Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden.

Micromachines
|January 5, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study combines deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) with electrokinetics to sort viable and non-viable cells. The method leverages changes in zeta potential or dielectrophoretic mobility for label-free cell separation.

Keywords:
charge-based separationdielectrophoresiselectrokinetic deterministic lateral displacement

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Cell sorting is crucial for biological research and diagnostics.
  • Existing methods often require cell labeling or are complex.
  • Label-free cell separation based on intrinsic properties remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel method for label-free cell sorting.
  • To demonstrate the separation of viable and non-viable cells using a combined DLD and electrokinetics approach.
  • To investigate the underlying physical principles for separating different cell types.

Main Methods:

  • Combining deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) with electrokinetic manipulation.
  • Inducing cell deactivation using heat to alter viability and structure.
  • Utilizing changes in zeta potential and dielectrophoretic mobility for separation.
  • Applying different frequencies for separation based on cell type (e.g., Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae).

Main Results:

  • Successful sorting of viable from non-viable cells for two distinct cell types.
  • Demonstrated separation of Escherichia coli based on zeta potential changes at low frequency.
  • Achieved separation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae utilizing dielectrophoretic mobility changes at higher frequency.
  • Showcased the potential for size-independent cell separation.

Conclusions:

  • The combined DLD and electrokinetics method enables label-free cell sorting based on intrinsic properties.
  • The approach is adaptable for different cell types by tuning electrokinetic parameters and frequencies.
  • This work lays the foundation for developing simple, low-cost, continuous cell separation technologies.