From Prevention to Disease Perturbations: A Multi-Omic Assessment of Exercise and Myocardial Infarctions

Area of Science:

• Molecular biology
• Cardiovascular research
• Metabolomics and lipidomics

Background:

• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death globally, necessitating a deeper understanding of molecular changes.
• Distinguishing molecular responses to preventive strategies (e.g., exercise) from disease-induced injury (e.g., myocardial infarction) is crucial but poorly understood.
• Current knowledge gaps limit the effective application of preventive measures against complex diseases like CVD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate and compare the distinct lipidomic perturbations induced by exercise treadmill testing (ETT) versus planned myocardial infarction (PMI).
• To integrate lipidomic data with existing metabolomic profiles for a comprehensive molecular understanding of ETT and PMI.
• To elucidate the differential molecular mechanisms underlying preventive actions and disease pathology in cardiovascular health.

Main Methods:

• Collected lipidomic data from two patient cohorts before and one hour after ETT and PMI.
• Analyzed unique lipidomic profiles associated with each distinct physiological stressor.
• Integrated novel lipidomic findings with previously published metabolomic data from the same patient cohorts.

Main Results:

• Observed significantly unique lipidomic perturbations specific to ETT and PMI, reflecting their different physiological impacts.
• Demonstrated distinct molecular signatures for exercise-induced changes versus those resulting from myocardial infarction.
• The integrated analysis provided complementary insights, enhancing the understanding of molecular events during exercise and PMI.

Conclusions:

• Lipidomic profiling effectively differentiates the molecular responses to exercise and myocardial infarction.
• Integrated multi-omics analysis offers a more holistic understanding of the body's molecular adaptations to health interventions and disease states.
• This research provides a foundation for developing targeted molecular strategies for CVD prevention and treatment.