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Michigan system for opioid overdose surveillance
Jason Goldstick1,2, Amanda Ballesteros3,2, Carol Flannagan2,4
1Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA jasoneg@umich.edu.
Summary
The Michigan Opioid Overdose Surveillance (SOS) system provides timely data for rapid response to reduce opioid overdose harms. This flexible and acceptable system integrates medical examiner and emergency medical services data for improved public health surveillance.
Area of Science:
- Public Health Surveillance
- Epidemiology
- Health Informatics
Background:
- Community rapid response to opioid overdoses is crucial but limited by the lack of timely data.
- Existing surveillance systems often lack the speed and integration needed for effective harm reduction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To create and evaluate the Michigan System for Opioid Overdose Surveillance (SOS).
- To assess SOS using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) surveillance system evaluation guidelines.
Main Methods:
- Integrated suspected fatal overdose data from Medical Examiners (MEs) and non-fatal overdoses (naloxone administration) from Emergency Medical Services (EMS).
- Developed a web-based dashboard with stakeholder feedback for authorized users and public access.
- Evaluated system performance based on simplicity, flexibility, data quality, acceptability, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PVP), representativeness, timeliness, and stability.
Main Results:
- SOS demonstrates high timeliness (data integrated within 1 day) and flexibility (weekly updates).
- Data representativeness includes 100% of EMS naloxone administrations and 79.1% of the population for ME data.
- High user acceptability is indicated by over 300 authorized stakeholders and minimal added burden on MEs/EMS.
Conclusions:
- The Michigan SOS is a timely, flexible, and acceptable opioid overdose surveillance system.
- The system is reasonably accurate and complete, aiding rapid response and harm reduction efforts.
- Lessons learned can inform the development of similar systems in other jurisdictions.
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