Cervical Carotid Plaque MRI : Review of Atherosclerosis Imaging Features and their Histologic Underpinnings

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Imaging
• Neurology
• Radiology

Background:

• Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is the gold standard for non-invasive evaluation of carotid artery plaque.
• MR plaque imaging has demonstrated clinical utility in risk stratification and determining stroke etiology.
• Understanding plaque histology is essential for interpreting MR imaging findings.

Purpose of the Study:

• To detail the pathogenesis and histology of atherosclerosis.
• To review the appearance of different plaque components on MR imaging.
• To correlate MR imaging features with symptomatology and predict future ischemic events.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on MR plaque imaging and atherosclerosis histology.
• Description of the histologic basis for MR imaging features.
• Correlation of imaging findings with clinical outcomes.

Main Results:

• MR imaging provides detailed insights into plaque morphology and composition.
• Specific MR imaging features can be linked to plaque histology and vulnerability.
• Imaging findings may predict future ischemic events.

Conclusions:

• MR imaging is a powerful tool for evaluating carotid atherosclerotic disease.
• Knowledge of plaque histology enhances the interpretation of MR imaging.
• MR imaging aids in patient management and understanding disease progression.