Overview of COVID-19 inflammatory pathogenesis from the therapeutic perspective

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Immunology
• Pathology

Background:

• Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19, a disease with significant global health and economic impact.
• The urgent need for effective therapeutics and vaccines necessitates a deep understanding of viral pathogenesis.
• Current understanding suggests a three-phase progression of COVID-19: pulmonary, proinflammatory, and prothrombotic.

Purpose of the Study:

• To elucidate the pathogenesis of COVID-19 by detailing virus-host interactions, pathogenic mechanisms, and clinical manifestations across its three phases.
• To present a comprehensive overview of therapeutic strategies currently in clinical trials for COVID-19, based on the proposed pathogenesis model.
• To provide an updated summary of COVID-19 pathogenesis and available treatment options.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent publications on COVID-19 pathogenesis.
• Analysis of virus-host interactions and pathogenic mechanisms in each phase.
• Compilation and explanation of therapeutic strategies and their modes of action.

Main Results:

• Detailed description of the pulmonary, proinflammatory, and prothrombotic phases of COVID-19 pathogenesis.
• Identification of key virus-host interactions and clinical manifestations for each phase.
• Overview of various therapeutic strategies and example drugs currently under investigation.

Conclusions:

• A clear understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis provides the scientific basis for developing targeted drugs and vaccines.
• The three-phase model offers a framework for understanding disease progression and guiding therapeutic interventions.
• This review synthesizes current knowledge on COVID-19 pathogenesis and therapeutic options, aiding future research and clinical practice.