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Updated: Nov 23, 2025

Fabrication of Zero Mode Waveguides for High Concentration Single Molecule Microscopy
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Low-Loss Zero-Index Materials.

Haoning Tang1, Clayton DeVault1, Sarah Alejandra Camayd-Muñoz1

  • 1School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.

Nano Letters
|January 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers reduced optical losses in zero-index photonic crystals using high-quality factor resonances. This breakthrough enables low-loss, on-chip nanophotonic devices for advanced optical applications.

Keywords:
Zero-Indexbound state in the continuumintegrated photonicsphotonic crystal

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Metamaterials
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Zero-index materials support unique electromagnetic modes but suffer from optical losses.
  • Previous realizations across visible and near-infrared spectra were limited by radiative and dissipative losses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reduce propagation losses in zero-index, on-chip photonic crystals.
  • To enhance the quality factor (Q) of optical resonances in these materials.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction of high-Q resonances using resonance-trapped states.
  • Engineering symmetry-protected states within the photonic crystal structure.

Main Results:

  • Experimental achievement of quality factors 2.6 × 10^3 and 7.8 × 10^3 at near-infrared wavelengths.
  • Demonstration of an order-of-magnitude reduction in propagation loss compared to prior designs.

Conclusions:

  • Developed a viable method for fabricating low-loss, zero-index on-chip nanophotonic devices.
  • High-Q resonances are crucial for overcoming loss limitations in zero-index metamaterials.