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CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine01:27

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Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
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Andrographis paniculata and Its Main Bioactive Ingredient Andrographolide Decrease Alcohol Drinking and Seeking in

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Andrographis paniculata extract significantly reduced alcohol consumption and seeking in rats by activating the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-gamma (PPARγ). This suggests a potential new therapy for alcohol use disorder.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Herbal Medicine

Background:

  • Andrographis paniculata possesses known hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties.
  • Its extracts activate the nuclear receptor Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-gamma (PPARγ).
  • PPARγ activation has been shown to reduce alcohol consumption and seeking behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if Andrographis paniculata reduces alcohol drinking and relapse in alcohol-preferring rats.
  • To determine if this effect is mediated by the activation of PPARγ.

Main Methods:

  • Oral administration of Andrographis paniculata extract and its active component, Andrographolide, to Marchigian Sardinian (msP) alcohol-preferring rats.
  • Assessment of voluntary alcohol consumption and relapse behaviors (yohimbine- and cue-induced reinstatement).
  • Utilized a selective PPARγ antagonist (GW9662) to confirm the mechanism of action.

Main Results:

  • Andrographis paniculata extract dose-dependently reduced alcohol consumption by up to 65% without affecting food or water intake.
  • Andrographolide also decreased alcohol intake, an effect blocked by the PPARγ antagonist GW9662.
  • The extract prevented relapse to alcohol seeking induced by yohimbine but not by cues.

Conclusions:

  • Andrographis paniculata activation of PPARγ is a potential therapeutic strategy for alcohol use disorder.
  • This plant extract demonstrates efficacy in reducing alcohol consumption and relapse behaviors in a rat model.
  • Further research into A. paniculata as a treatment for alcohol use disorder is warranted.