The relevant targets of anti-oxidative stress: a review

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Molecular Biology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Oxidative stress arises from an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants, implicated in aging and disease pathogenesis.
• Strategies to mitigate oxidative stress involve scavenging free radicals and inhibiting their production.
• Emerging research highlights oxidative stress's role in anti-tumour mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce key targets involved in combating oxidative stress.
• To categorize these targets based on their distinct functions.
• To review current research on agonists and inhibitors for these targets.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of existing research on oxidative stress targets.
• Categorization of targets including nuclear transcription factors, enzymes, solute carrier family 7, member 11 (SLC7A11) genes, ferroptosis, ion channels, molecular chaperones, and small molecules.
• Analysis of the research status of agonists/inhibitors for identified targets.

Main Results:

• Identified and classified multiple targets crucial for anti-oxidative stress mechanisms.
• Detailed the functional roles of these targets in cellular processes.
• Summarized the therapeutic potential of targeting these pathways, including anti-tumour effects.

Conclusions:

• Understanding oxidative stress targets is vital for developing new therapeutic strategies.
• The identified targets and their modulators offer potential for treating age-related diseases and cancer.
• Further research into agonists/inhibitors can guide clinical applications for anti-oxidative stress drugs.