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Legionella longbeachae pneumonia: A case report and literature review in Japan

Naohiro Oda1, Takahiro Taki1, Reo Mitani1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuyama City Hospital, Fukuyama, Japan.

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy : Official Journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy
|January 6, 2021
PubMed

Insights

A rare case of Legionella longbeachae pneumonia, potentially from potting soil exposure, was diagnosed using the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) method. This highlights LAMP as a valuable tool for diagnosing severe pneumonia when standard tests are negative.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Diagnostic Methods

Background:

  • Legionella longbeachae is an uncommon cause of pneumonia, particularly in Japan.
  • Traditional diagnostic methods for Legionella pneumonia include urinary antigen tests and culture, which can have limitations.

Observation:

  • A 74-year-old man presented with severe pneumonia, suspected to be Legionella longbeachae transmitted from potting soil.
  • Standard urinary antigen tests were negative, but sputum culture confirmed Legionella longbeachae.

Findings:

  • The Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) method successfully detected Legionella longbeachae in the patient's sputum.
  • The patient received azithromycin and mechanical ventilation, leading to recovery and discharge.

Implications:

  • The Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) method offers a rapid and sensitive alternative for diagnosing Legionella pneumonia, especially in severe cases.
  • Clinicians should consider LAMP testing for patients with severe pneumonia and exposure to potting soil, even with negative urinary antigen results.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering environmental exposures in the etiology of severe pneumonia and the utility of advanced diagnostic techniques.
Keywords:
LAMPLegionella longbeachaePneumoniaPotting soil

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