Antimicrobial Stewardship: Fighting Antimicrobial Resistance and Protecting Global Public Health

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Infectious Diseases
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health issue, increasing mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs.
• The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated antibiotic misuse, potentially worsening bacterial resistance and leading to more deaths.
• Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections present substantial clinical and economic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the scale and consequences of AMR.
• To highlight the importance and implications of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) in fighting resistance.
• To emphasize the need for a "One Health" approach to address the rising threat of AMR.

Main Methods:

• This review synthesizes current knowledge on AMR and ASP.
• It examines the principles and interventions of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS).
• It discusses the role of the "One Health" framework in AMR containment.

Main Results:

• Antimicrobial stewardship programs are effective in promoting rational antibiotic use through evidence-based interventions.
• AMS practices are vital for mitigating AMR and protecting public health.
• A holistic "One Health" approach is necessary to combat the escalating threat of AMR.

Conclusions:

• AMS is an essential healthcare strategy for preserving antibiotic efficacy and safeguarding public health.
• Evidence-based policies are required to guide the "One Health" approach, vaccination, professional education, and public awareness regarding AMR.