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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
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Quantitative susceptibility-weighted imaging in predicting disease activity in multiple sclerosis.

Selvadasan Vinayagamani1, Sekar Sabarish1, Sruthi S Nair2

  • 1Department of Imaging Sciences and Interventional Radiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695011, India.

Neuroradiology
|January 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) phase values can quantify iron content in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. This method effectively differentiates active from inactive MS lesions, aiding in disease assessment.

Keywords:
Iron contentMultiple sclerosisPhase valuesQuantitativeRelapsesSWI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Radiology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Gadolinium (Gd) contrast agents used in multiple sclerosis (MS) imaging can lead to brain deposition.
  • Differentiating active from inactive MS lesions is crucial for effective disease management and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) phase values for assessing iron content within MS lesions.
  • To determine if iron content can distinguish between active and inactive MS lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Patients with MS were categorized into active (contrast-enhancing) and inactive (non-enhancing) lesion groups.
  • Region of Interest (ROI) based phase values of lesions (PL) and normal white matter (PN) were calculated using SPIN software.
  • Subtracted phase values (PS) and estimated iron content (PS/3) were computed for lesion analysis.

Main Results:

  • Analysis included 69 enhancing lesions (22 patients) and 84 non-enhancing lesions (29 patients).
  • Significantly lower mean-subtracted phase values and iron content were observed in active (enhancing) lesions compared to inactive (non-enhancing) lesions (p < 0.001).
  • An iron content cut-off of 2.8 μg/g demonstrated high diagnostic performance (AUC=0.909) for differentiating lesion types.

Conclusions:

  • Quantification of iron content via SWI phase values shows potential as a reliable biomarker.
  • This technique can effectively differentiate active from inactive MS lesions.
  • SWI phase analysis offers a promising non-invasive method for MS lesion characterization.