Examining the Factors Affecting PrEP Implementation Within Community-Based HIV Testing Sites in Florida: A Mixed...

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Implementation Science
• HIV Prevention

Background:

• HIV testing and counseling sites are crucial for identifying individuals who could benefit from pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
• Non-clinical staff at these sites have a key role in discussing and referring clients for PrEP.
• Understanding the factors influencing PrEP implementation in these settings is essential for optimizing its uptake.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the contextual factors affecting the implementation of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) within HIV testing sites.
• To identify predictors of PrEP implementation using constructs from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).

Main Methods:

• Two generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze PrEP implementation.
• Qualitative interviews were conducted and analyzed thematically.
• Data integration was achieved through joint analysis and triangulation of quantitative and qualitative findings.

Main Results:

• Individual characteristics did not predict PrEP implementation, though qualitative data revealed varied knowledge levels.
• Within inner and outer settings, available resources and relevant priorities predicted PrEP implementation.
• Qualitative data highlighted the importance of resources, leadership, and cosmopolitanism in successful implementation.

Conclusions:

• Available resources and site priorities are key predictors of PrEP implementation in HIV testing settings.
• Addressing contextual factors, particularly resources and leadership, can enhance PrEP program delivery.
• Improving understanding and addressing implementation barriers can empower HIV testing staff to effectively offer PrEP services.