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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

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AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
227
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

191
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
191
Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

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Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
78
Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

126
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
126
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

107
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
107

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COVID-19: What Do Rheumatologists Need to Know?

Gillian E Fitzgerald1, Sinead Maguire2, Nigil Haroon3,4

  • 1Department of Rheumatology, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. gifitzge@tcd.ie.

Current Rheumatology Reports
|January 6, 2021
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Patients with rheumatic disease face higher risks from COVID-19, with certain medications showing no benefit. Telehealth is crucial for monitoring these patients during the pandemic.

Keywords:
COVID-19Clinical trialsOutcomesPrevalenceTele-medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious diseases
  • Rheumatology
  • Public health

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a global pandemic.
  • Patients with rheumatic diseases may be at higher risk for severe infections.
  • Concerns exist regarding medication trials and potential shortages for rheumatology patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize COVID-19 evidence relevant to the rheumatology community.
  • To discuss risks, features, and outcomes of COVID-19 in rheumatic disease patients.
  • To review COVID-19 treatments impacting rheumatology and management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of COVID-19 evidence pertinent to rheumatology.
  • Analysis of risk factors, clinical presentation, and outcomes.
  • Evaluation of treatment options and management recommendations.
  • Discussion of telehealth challenges and adaptations.

Main Results:

  • Comorbidities and active disease worsen COVID-19 outcomes in rheumatic disease patients.
  • Tocilizumab and hydroxychloroquine were ineffective for COVID-19 treatment.
  • Telehealth emerged as a vital tool for patient monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Rheumatic disease patients require careful monitoring due to increased COVID-19 risks.
  • Evidence guides management of rheumatic disease populations during the pandemic.
  • Adapting telehealth is essential for continued care delivery.